EIA Briefing to the 37th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol 3 – 7 November 2025 As the international community marks four decades of the Vienna Convention, the achievements made under the treaty and its Montreal Protocol stand as proof that, by following the science and prioritising the protection of human health and […]
In the wake of startling evidence of unexplained emissions of the ozone-destroying chemical CFC-11 in the atmosphere, this report reveals compelling evidence that illegal production and use of CFC-11 in China is the cause
Update on China’s illegal CFC-11 emissions crisis, includes independent laboratory tests of polyurethane foam samples, provided by Chinese enterprises investigated by EIA, confirming the presence of CFC-11 as a blowing agent. CFC-11 is a potent ozone depleting substance that has been banned for almost a decade
In the wake of startling evidence of unexplained emissions of the ozone-destroying chemical CFC-11 in the atmosphere, this report reveals compelling evidence that illegal production and use of CFC-11 in China is the cause
Without the ozone layer, most of Earth’s organisms could not have evolved, let alone be sustained. This briefing provides an overview of the smuggling of ozone-depleting substances (ODS) and actions to combat illegal ODS trade that can be taken by Parties to the Montreal Protocol
Far from going away, the threat of black market ODS looms greater than ever and this briefing brings together analysis of trade and emissions data, recent reported seizures and a look at the global refrigerant and feedstock market to highlight some key areas of concern, needing to be addressed by the Montreal Protocol