The Montreal Protocol has achieved remarkable success in controlling the production and use of controlled ozone-depleting substances (ODS) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), but unmanaged ‘banks’ of these substances in equipment and stockpiles threaten its legacy.
This document outlines the key measures on HFCs in Regulation (EU) 2024/573 on Fluorinated Greenhouse Gases.
The 97th Meeting of the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund (ExCom97) presents a critical opportunity to demonstrate the effectiveness of collaborative multilateralism and advance cost-effective climate and ozone mitigation at a time when global action is more urgent than ever.
Following revelations of unexpected CFC-11 emissions in 2018 and reports of record atmospheric HFC-23 concentrations and other unexpected emissions, legitimate questions have been raised as to whether the Montreal Protocol’s institutions and controls are fit for purpose, not only to sustain the phase-out of ozone depleting substances (ODS) but also to address the unique challenges of the hydrofluorocarbons (HFC) phase-down.
EIA Briefing to the 47th Meeting the Open-ended Working Group of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol, 7-11 July 2025. As the climate crisis intensifies and threats to the ozone layer continue to mount, there are multiple urgent issues before Parties at the 47th Open-Ended Working Group (OEWG47) of the Montreal Protocol.
This report analyses the climate impact of supermarket refrigeration, revealing that up to 70 per cent of a supermarket’s non-supply chain emissions stem from cooling – primarily from energy consumption and the use of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants, potent greenhouse gases.